Give the details of the application of co-ordination compounds in water softening.


Sure, here's a simplified and pointwise version of the information on the application of coordination compounds in water softening:


  1. Water hardness is a problem caused by calcium and magnesium ions in water.
  2. Coordination compounds can be used for water softening.
  3. Sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) is a common coordination compound used for water softening.
  4. SHMP forms stable complexes with calcium and magnesium ions, preventing them from forming insoluble salts.
  5. These complexes are removed from water by filtration, leaving behind softened water.
  6. SHMP can be added directly to water or used in a water softener system with ion exchange resin beads.
  7. EDTA and NTA are other coordination compounds used for water softening, but they are less commonly used due to their higher cost.
  8. Water softening with coordination compounds is an effective and widely used method for addressing water hardness